“Analysis” is an uncommon task name these days, I think. What did Royce 1970 mean by the term?
Royce worked on software for spacecraft. So part of the work of “analysis” is producing algorithms for quote “orbit mechanics, spacecraft attitude determination, mathematical optimization of payload activity, and so forth.” It was based on such analysis that you sized, for example, on-board memory. Remember, memory was fantastically expensive in 1970, so you didn’t want to build more than you needed. You also had to budget how much time key operations could take so that the software’s model of the spacecraft and its movement would stay in sync with reality. Also, during analysis you worried about something called “data flux,” and so on.